Ecological and sustainable architecture is one that is perfectly integrated into its environment and is built with natural and recycled materials, taking advantage of all natural resources such as the sun, wind, water, and earth as energy sources. It will also provide its inhabitants with high levels of comfort, well-being, and peace, with minimal demand for air conditioning. A well-oriented home with optimal insulation, sealing, sun protection, and ventilation systems can become a home with almost zero energy consumption. It knows how to recover rainwater and employs technologies that reduce water use. It makes efficient use of natural resources, thereby reducing the environmental impact compared to conventional architecture. When designing a sustainable ecological architecture project, we must consider factors such as the surrounding ecosystem and its hydrological and climatic conditions. Simply learn from what already exists and know how to observe the landscape. Regarding the materials used in this type of construction, they should be natural, recyclable, and/or recycled, hygroscopic, nontoxic, and generate a small footprint. Preferably, they should be locally sourced to avoid transportation. Thus, wood, brick, natural stone, and plant fibers would be materials that, a priori, meet these criteria. Regarding the use of natural resources, the sun and wind can provide solar and wind energy for home heating and cooling, thus utilizing renewable resources. Proper orientation will contribute to improving the building's energy efficiency, making it more thermally comfortable and will help provide lighting.
